从林下散种迈向全链增值

Core Viewpoint - The development of the forest-based Chinese medicinal herb industry in China has shown significant progress, with various regions implementing measures to promote high-quality growth through the utilization of forest ecological environments and the cultivation of medicinal herbs under forest canopies [1][2]. Group 1: Industry Development - The industry has seen the establishment of geographical indication products such as Ganoderma lucidum and Camellia flower tea in Guangxi, and the promotion of the "Xiang Nine Flavors" under-forest cultivation system in Hunan [1]. - There is a shift from traditional cultivation to initial processing and deep processing of medicinal herbs, leading to a diverse product system including Chinese medicinal slices, extracts, proprietary Chinese medicines, health foods, and cosmetics [1][2]. Group 2: Advantages of Under-Forest Cultivation - Under-forest cultivation allows for wild-simulated planting, reducing human intervention and enhancing the quality of medicinal herbs [1]. - The method enables the use of different types of medicinal herbs in various forest types, maximizing resource utilization through multi-layered planting [1]. - Breakthroughs in selecting shade-tolerant and shade-loving varieties have addressed challenges related to canopy density, ensuring higher yields and quality [1]. Group 3: Challenges in the Industry - There are significant issues regarding environmental adaptability, as different medicinal herbs have varying light requirements that must be matched with forest canopy density for optimal growth [2]. - The industry faces bottlenecks in germplasm and cultivation technology, with problems such as mixed and degraded seed sources and a lack of standardized seedlings [2]. - Harvesting and processing technologies are limited due to the complex terrain of under-forest areas, restricting the use of traditional harvesting machinery and the availability of initial processing facilities [2]. Group 4: Strategies for High-Quality Development - Technological empowerment is essential for driving high-quality development in the under-forest medicinal herb industry, transitioning from reliance on natural conditions to data-driven approaches [2]. - Brand building is crucial for enhancing product value and market competitiveness, addressing the issue of "high quality but low price" [2]. - The integration of primary, secondary, and tertiary industries is vital for transforming the industry from a simple "planting and selling" model to a modern integrated system encompassing cultivation, processing, and services [2][3]. Group 5: Ecological and Economic Balance - Achieving a balance between ecological protection and economic benefits requires tailored planning based on forest resource distribution, appropriate variety selection, and rational planting density [3]. - Focusing on specialty industries and exploring the ecological potential of forest land can enhance the value of local medicinal herbs and promote deep processing [3]. - Strengthening regulatory frameworks and implementing standardized production practices are necessary to ensure product quality and safeguard the healthy development of the industry [3].