“大而美”法案引爆美各方争吵，民主党批评“劫贫济富”

Core Points - The Senate passed Trump's "Big and Beautiful" tax and spending bill with a narrow vote of 51-50, aided by Vice President Pence's tie-breaking vote, despite opposition from three Republican senators [1] - Critics argue that the bill disproportionately benefits the wealthy while harming the poorest Americans, with Senator Bernie Sanders labeling it a "gift to billionaires" [1][2] - The bill's passage in the Senate requires further approval from the House of Representatives before it can be signed into law by the President [1][5] Group 1: Opposition from Republican Senators - Senator Susan Collins from Maine opposed the bill due to cuts to Medicaid, which would significantly reduce funding by $5.9 billion over the next decade, affecting healthcare access for approximately 400,000 residents [2] - Senator Thom Tillis from North Carolina expressed concerns that the bill would jeopardize health insurance for 600,000 residents in his state [2] - Senator Rand Paul, a proponent of controlling government spending, criticized the bill for increasing the debt ceiling by $5 trillion and projected a $3.3 trillion increase in the deficit over the next decade [4] Group 2: Impact on Taxation - The bill is expected to provide significant tax breaks to high-income earners, with approximately 60% of tax reductions benefiting individuals earning $217,000 or more, while low-income families earning $35,000 or less would see an average tax cut of only $150 [4] - The Democratic opposition has framed the bill as "robbing the poor to give to the rich," highlighting the adverse effects on low-income Americans [4] Group 3: Legislative Process and Challenges - The House of Representatives, which has a Republican majority, previously passed the bill with a narrow margin and is now faced with the Senate's modified version, which may face resistance from some House Republicans [5] - The House Rules Committee has moved to advance the Senate version for a full vote, with potential delays due to weather-related travel issues affecting some members [5] - President Trump has been actively engaging with dissenting Republican senators in an effort to secure support for the bill [5] Group 4: Elon Musk's Criticism - Elon Musk has publicly criticized the "Big and Beautiful" bill, arguing that it increases government spending and supports declining industries while undermining future sectors [7] - Trump's threats to expel Musk from the U.S. have drawn significant media attention, although legal experts suggest that such actions would be difficult to implement given Musk's citizenship status [7][8]