欧盟公布气候目标被疑“外包减排”，多国认为不切实际

Core Viewpoint - The European Commission has proposed a revision of the European Climate Law, setting a target to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 90% from 1990 levels by 2040, amidst rising concerns over climate change impacts in Europe [1][2][4] Group 1: Proposal Details - The proposal introduces new mechanisms to achieve the 2040 target, including the limited use of high-quality international carbon credits starting in 2036, integrating permanent carbon removal technologies into the EU emissions trading system, and increasing cross-sector flexibility [2][4] - Member states can offset emissions by purchasing carbon credits from other cooperating countries, with a cap of up to 3% of emissions based on 1990 levels [4] Group 2: Economic Implications - The cost implications of achieving the 90% reduction target are significant, with potential increases in costs for consumers, such as higher airfares due to sustainable aviation fuel mandates and substantial upfront costs for home energy efficiency upgrades [5] - However, transitioning to renewable energy is expected to lower bills over time and reduce dependency on imports, potentially freeing up billions of euros for strategic investments [5] Group 3: Political and Competitive Dynamics - The proposal has sparked debate over balancing climate protection with economic competitiveness, particularly as the EU faces global trade tensions and shifts in policy focus towards defense and economic competitiveness [6][7] - While countries like Germany support the new climate targets, others, including France, Italy, and Poland, express concerns about the economic burden, advocating for a delay in the proposal [6][7]