国际货币基金组织发出警告，“大而美”法案将加剧美财政赤字

Group 1 - The "Big and Beautiful" tax and spending bill was signed into law by President Trump, extending tax cuts for corporations and individuals, and implementing tax exemptions for tips and overtime pay [1] - The bill will stop tax credits for electric vehicles starting September 30, while allowing tax benefits only for wind and solar projects that begin production before the end of 2027 [1] - The International Monetary Fund (IMF) expressed concerns that the bill would further increase the U.S. fiscal deficit, which is critical for stabilizing the debt-to-GDP ratio [1][2] Group 2 - The IMF has been advocating for the U.S. to increase taxes to address the fiscal deficit, but the new bill continues the previous administration's tax reduction policies [1] - The U.S. federal debt has reached $36.2 trillion, with interest payments in May alone exceeding $9.2 billion, making it the second-largest federal expenditure after Medicare and Social Security [3] - Moody's has downgraded the U.S. credit rating, citing that the deterioration of fiscal indicators cannot be offset by the size of the economy and financial system [3]