瞭望 | 为人工智能立“东方魂”

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the need to address ethical risks associated with artificial intelligence (AI) by establishing institutional measures and promoting a human-centered approach, particularly from an Eastern perspective [1][8]. Ethical Risks - Ethical issues arise from the conflict between technological advancement and social rules, necessitating a framework for AI to operate within [3]. - The lack of a regulatory framework similar to Asimov's "Three Laws of Robotics" raises concerns about the controllability and usability of AI [3]. - AI's ability to collect vast amounts of personal data poses privacy risks, potentially exposing sensitive information [3]. Risks of Generative AI - Generative AI has been linked to data leaks, as seen in Samsung's incidents where confidential information was inadvertently shared through ChatGPT [4]. - The traditional notion of accountability is challenged by AI, making it difficult to determine responsibility in cases of accidents involving autonomous systems [4]. - Algorithms can create imbalances, leading to exploitation of gig economy workers and unfair consumer practices [4]. Limitations of Western Technology Models - The Western-driven model of AI development, characterized by "big data + big computing power + big models," has shown limitations, particularly in generating accurate outputs [5]. - Early versions of generative AI tools have demonstrated poor performance in answering factual questions, highlighting the need for improved data handling and learning processes [5][7]. Cultural and Ethical Considerations - The output of large models in cultural and value-based contexts often lacks quality, leading to misinformation and confusion about societal values [6]. - The phenomenon of "model self-cannibalization" occurs when AI-generated content is used to train models, potentially degrading their performance over time [6][7]. Future Pathways with "Chinese Wisdom" - To mitigate ethical risks, a proactive approach is required, focusing on human-centered and benevolent AI development [8][9]. - China's initiatives, such as the "Global AI Governance Initiative," emphasize the importance of human welfare and ethical standards in AI development [8][10]. - The establishment of a governance framework for AI ethics is crucial, with recommendations for agile risk management and multi-stakeholder collaboration [11]. Enhancing Chinese Language Data - The development of high-quality Chinese language datasets is essential for advancing AI models, ensuring that mainstream voices are represented in the digital landscape [12].