郑永年：新质生产力爆发期亟需机制适配优化

Core Insights - The country has reached a stage of large-scale production of new quality productivity, but the relevant mechanisms have not fully adapted [1] - The "new three drivers" of economic growth, namely basic research, application technology transformation, and financial services, must work in synergy to avoid being trapped in the "middle-income trap" [2] Group 1: New Three Drivers - Basic research is primarily conducted by universities and research institutions, while application technology transformation is mainly the responsibility of high-quality manufacturing enterprises [1][2] - Financial services are crucial for application technology transformation, but there is a lack of long-cycle venture capital systems to support high-risk technology transformation [2] Group 2: Industry Policy and Regulation - Industry policy should focus on creating new productivity and upgrading traditional industries through new technologies [2] - There is a need for appropriate relaxation of regulations on innovation exploration and technology implementation to foster a better business environment [3] Group 3: Role of SMEs - Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) are particularly vulnerable to challenges posed by a complex international economic environment, but their resilience and flexibility should not be underestimated [3][4] - The government should emphasize the importance of SMEs, especially specialized and innovative enterprises, and consider a "small first, large later" approach in resource allocation [3] Group 4: Global Expansion - The trend of enterprises "going out" should focus on high-quality, innovative products rather than competing in low-end markets [4] - State-owned enterprises and private enterprises should have clear divisions of labor in international expansion, with state-owned enterprises handling large-scale infrastructure and private enterprises focusing on integrating into local societies [4]