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深化土地制度改革 推进乡村全面振兴
Jing Ji Ri Bao·2025-07-07 22:18

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the necessity of deepening land system reform as a foundational strategy for rural revitalization and achieving Chinese-style modernization, highlighting the importance of institutional innovation, market mechanisms, and legal protections for farmers' rights [1][2]. Group 1: Current Challenges in Land System - The current rural land system faces structural contradictions that hinder comprehensive rural revitalization, including land fragmentation and inefficient utilization, with an average per capita arable land of only 1.36 acres compared to the global average of 4.8 acres [2]. - The dual land system between urban and rural areas restricts the market-based value realization of rural collective construction land, with only about 11.74% of rural homestead land having undergone rights transfer [2]. - Insufficient protection of farmers' land rights is evident, with unclear boundaries between land contracting and operating rights, and a lack of channels for farmers to increase property income [2]. - There is an imbalance between ecological protection and development, with over two-thirds of farmland classified as low-yield and more than 40% of arable land being degraded [2]. Group 2: Benefits of Land System Reform - Land system reform is crucial for breaking down barriers to market-oriented land factor allocation, activating land asset value, and promoting the two-way flow of urban and rural factors, which is essential for agricultural modernization and reducing urban-rural disparities [3]. - Through land transfer and consolidation, fragmented land can be aggregated for large-scale operations, enhancing agricultural productivity and providing space for new rural industries and business models [3]. - Farmers can gain more income from land by transferring their operating rights to larger agricultural entities or participating in agricultural cooperatives, thus increasing their income levels and engagement in rural revitalization [3]. Group 3: Ecological and Sustainable Development - Emphasizing ecological protection and restoration, land consolidation and ecological restoration can improve rural environments and achieve sustainable development [4]. - The "three rights separation" reform focuses on clarifying property rights, ensuring smooth transfer processes, and enhancing protection and efficient use of land [4]. - By the end of 2023, significant progress has been made in comprehensive land remediation, with 3.78 million acres of land treated, resulting in the addition of 470,000 acres of arable land and a reduction of 120,000 acres of construction land [5]. Group 4: Implementation Strategies - The article outlines several strategies for effective rural revitalization, including improving institutional guarantees, establishing a unified rural property trading platform, and promoting technology for precise land management [7][8]. - Specific measures include enhancing the market for land transfer, developing intermediary services, and implementing a "smart land management" system using satellite and blockchain technologies [7]. - Regional strategies are tailored to different areas, focusing on grain production, urban-rural integration, and ecological restoration, with mechanisms for ecological compensation and carbon trading [8].