“天书计划”加速破译四大主粮遗传密码

Core Insights - The "Tianshu Plan" aims to decode the genetic information of major crops, specifically rice, wheat, corn, and soybeans, to facilitate intelligent breeding [1][2] - The plan has identified 4,500 core rice germplasm resources, covering over 80% of the core rice planting areas [1] - The initiative is a collaboration between the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, the National Crop Germplasm Resource Bank, and Tencent, with the second phase, "Tianshu Plan 2.0," launched in May 2023 [1] Germplasm Construction - The construction of core germplasm will involve genotype identification of 223,000 germplasm resources across the four major crops, ensuring coverage of over 95% of genetic diversity [2] - A standardized process for core germplasm selection will be established, incorporating excellent foreign germplasm [2] Genetic Decoding and Breeding Models - The focus will be on integrating phenotype, environmental, and genotype datasets to create a comprehensive crop genome map, breaking the limitations of single genomes [2] - The plan will explore the formation rules of crop phenotypes and develop relevant models to decode genetic information [2] Intelligent Breeding Platform - An open intelligent breeding platform will be established, integrating a gene bank, breeding tools, and a big data platform to serve domestic agricultural research institutions and enterprises [2] - A collaborative network will be created to ensure data security and promote efficient resource and technology utilization [2] Implementation Timeline - "Tianshu Plan 2.0" is set to be implemented over three years, from 2023 to December 2027, with the goal of selecting 10,000 core germplasm resources in the first year [2] - The second year will focus on field genotype and phenotype identification, while the third year will involve building the intelligent breeding platform through data mining model construction [2]