关税压力、经济增长放缓、实际工资减少，日本央行加息路漫漫

Core Viewpoint - The Bank of Japan faces a dilemma between raising interest rates to curb inflation and maintaining stable rates to support economic growth amid increasing uncertainty from U.S. tariff policies [1][5]. Economic Data Summary - Japan's real wages adjusted for inflation fell by 2.9% year-on-year in May, marking the largest decline in nearly two years and the fifth consecutive month of decline [3][4]. - The consumer inflation rate in Japan rose by 4.0% year-on-year in May, exceeding the Bank of Japan's target of 2% for over three years [4][5]. - Japan's GDP contracted by 0.2% in the first quarter due to a decline in exports, marking the first shrinkage in a year [4][5]. Tariff Impact Analysis - U.S. President Trump's announcement of tariffs ranging from 25% to 40% on imports from Japan and other countries could further exacerbate uncertainty in Japan's economic outlook [1][4]. - If the tariffs are fully implemented, Japan's GDP could decline by 0.8 percentage points, and profits in the automotive sector could decrease by $19 billion [4][5]. Monetary Policy Perspectives - There is increasing divergence in market expectations regarding the Bank of Japan's monetary policy, with some analysts suggesting that the current economic conditions may delay interest rate hikes [5][6]. - Some analysts argue that the high inflation rate relative to wage growth should prompt the Bank of Japan to commit to raising policy rates, which could strengthen the yen and improve purchasing power for consumers [5][6]. - Others suggest that the Bank of Japan should adopt a wait-and-see approach to navigate the uncertainties posed by tariffs, while also signaling a continued inclination towards tightening in the future [6].