中国将如何建“广寒宫”？揭秘月球“盖房神器”

Core Concept - The "International Lunar Research Station" plan proposed by China aims to establish a long-term scientific facility on the Moon, referred to as the "Moon Palace" project, with basic construction expected to be completed by 2035 and expanded by 2045 [1][2]. Group 1: Project Overview - The International Lunar Research Station is designed to be a long-term autonomous facility capable of short-term human participation, featuring capabilities for lunar-earth travel, energy supply, central control, communication navigation, lunar scientific exploration, and ground support [2]. - The project will utilize in-situ resources, including lunar soil for construction materials and ice resources for supporting scientific tasks [1][2]. Group 2: Technology and Innovation - A key technology for the project is the "Lunar Soil In-Situ 3D Printing System," which uses concentrated solar energy to melt lunar soil into bricks, allowing for construction without transporting materials from Earth [2][4]. - The system operates by using a parabolic reflector to concentrate sunlight, heating lunar soil to over 1300°C to create lunar bricks, which are characterized by high strength and good thermal insulation [2][4]. Group 3: Challenges and Solutions - The manufacturing of lunar bricks faces challenges such as uneven heating and the complex mineral composition of lunar soil, which can lead to defects like cracks [4]. - The project team has developed a solution involving a combination of reflective concentrators and fiber optic energy transmission to overcome energy capture and transmission challenges in the Moon's extreme environment [4][5]. Group 4: Resource Extraction - The extraction of water from lunar soil is another significant aspect of the project, with lunar polar regions containing substantial ice resources that can support life and provide fuel for deep space missions [5][6]. - A prototype device for extracting water from lunar soil has been developed, achieving international advanced levels in efficiency and addressing challenges related to high-strength ice-rich soil and low extraction efficiency [6][8]. Group 5: International Collaboration - The initiative has garnered support from 17 countries and over 60 international research institutions, indicating a collaborative approach to the construction and operation of the International Lunar Research Station [8].