运行30年，韩国“垃圾从量制”成效如何？

Core Insights - South Korea has successfully reduced household waste by approximately 160 million tons over 30 years since the implementation of the "Pay-As-You-Throw" system in 1995, with estimated economic benefits reaching 45.04 trillion KRW (around 236 billion RMB) [1][2] - The "Pay-As-You-Throw" system requires residents to purchase special garbage bags for waste disposal, while recyclables and food waste can be disposed of for free [1] - The initial public reaction to the system was negative, with significant complaints about the costs associated with waste disposal [1] Waste Reduction Trends - The report indicates that the trend of waste reduction has slowed since the mid-2000s, with total waste dropping to about 14 million tons in 1998, the lowest level in history, but rising again to approximately 17 million tons in 2023, representing a 21.3% reduction compared to 1994 [2] - Experts suggest that the current system's reliance on bag-based fees rather than weight-based fees is a key reason for the stagnation in waste reduction efforts [2]