西欧迎有记录以来最热6月！欧盟气候机构：两次显著热浪均与热穹顶相关

Core Insights - The summer of 2025 has been marked by extreme heat, with June being recorded as the "third hottest" June globally, with an average surface temperature of 16.46 degrees Celsius, 0.47 degrees higher than the average from 1991-2020 [2][4] - Europe experienced two significant heatwaves in June, with temperatures exceeding 40 degrees Celsius in some regions, particularly in Spain and Portugal, attributed to a persistent high-pressure system known as the "heat dome" [2][6] - The Mediterranean region recorded unprecedented sea surface temperatures, reaching an average of 27.0 degrees Celsius, which is 3.7 degrees above the average, exacerbating heat stress and impacting marine biodiversity [8] Temperature Trends - The global temperature from July 2024 to June 2025 was 0.67 degrees Celsius above the 1991-2020 average and 1.55 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels [4] - In Europe, the average land temperature for June was 18.46 degrees Celsius, 1.10 degrees higher than the 1991-2020 average, marking it as the "fifth hottest" June on record [4][7] - Japan reported its hottest June since records began in 1898, with an average temperature 2.34 degrees Celsius above the 1991-2020 average [6] Heat Stress and Health Impacts - Western and Central Europe faced extreme heat stress, with average temperatures reaching 20.49 degrees Celsius, surpassing the previous record set in 2003 [7] - The occurrence of "tropical nights," where temperatures remain above 20 degrees Celsius, increased significantly, leading to health risks associated with prolonged heat exposure [7] - The extreme heat conditions have heightened the risk of ozone air pollution and increased the likelihood of wildfires [9]