吴伟：美“零和”思维挡不住中国创新药

Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the article highlights the increasing competition and insecurity in the U.S. biopharmaceutical sector, prompting President Trump to threaten high tariffs on imported drugs and copper, with drug tariffs potentially reaching 200% [1] - The U.S. National Security Council's report indicates that China is systematically challenging U.S. biotechnological dominance, particularly in the innovative drug sector, exemplified by China's significant presence in antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) research [1][3] - The shift in the global innovative drug landscape is marked by China's dominance in ADC studies, with Chinese companies accounting for 89 out of 184 global studies, reflecting a significant change in competitive dynamics [1][2] Group 2 - Prior to 2010, Chinese pharmaceutical companies were largely invisible in the global innovative drug market, relying heavily on generic drugs, but reforms initiated in 2015 have led to a rapid development of an independent innovation system in China's pharmaceutical industry [2] - The number of innovative drugs approved in China has surged from 9 in 2018 to an expected 48 by 2024, aided by expedited approval processes and a dynamic adjustment mechanism for new drug reimbursement [2][3] - In 2024, Chinese pharmaceutical companies are projected to complete over 90 overseas licensing deals, with total amounts exceeding $50 billion, indicating a robust international expansion [3][4] Group 3 - Despite U.S. efforts to limit collaboration with Chinese pharmaceutical firms, American companies like Pfizer and Merck continue to engage in significant licensing agreements with Chinese firms, reflecting a dependency on Chinese capabilities [4] - The competitive landscape is characterized by a "scissors gap," with China increasing its share of high-impact papers in synthetic biology while U.S. shares decline, showcasing China's growing research capabilities [4] - The cost-effectiveness of Chinese drug development, with costs being 20-30% of U.S. counterparts and shorter development cycles, positions China favorably in the global market [4] Group 4 - The article emphasizes that the future of innovative drug development will hinge on creating an open and collaborative ecosystem rather than maintaining technological hegemony, suggesting that U.S. protectionism may hinder its progress [5][6] - The ongoing competition between the U.S. and China in the biopharmaceutical sector is framed as a critical race for global health standards, with the potential for China to redefine these standards [6]