特朗普发出新一轮关税威胁，为何瞄准东亚和东南亚？

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the recent developments in the U.S. tariff policy under President Trump, highlighting the focus on East and Southeast Asia, and the implications of the ongoing trade negotiations with various countries [1][3][5]. Tariff Policy Updates - Trump announced a reciprocal tariff plan with a baseline rate of 10%, targeting countries with significant trade surpluses with the U.S. [1] - The implementation date for these tariffs has been postponed from July 9 to August 1, with potential rates ranging from 25% to 40% for 14 countries if agreements are not reached [1][3]. - The latest tariff rates have not increased overall compared to three months ago, with some countries seeing rate reductions [4]. Trade Negotiation Dynamics - The U.S. has only reached framework agreements with the UK, China, and Vietnam, while negotiations with traditional allies like Japan and South Korea remain stalled [3][5]. - Analysts suggest that Trump's approach is a pressure tactic aimed at countries that have not reached timely agreements with the U.S. [3][6]. Country-Specific Impacts - Japan's tariff rate has been increased by 1% to 25%, while other countries like South Korea and Thailand have maintained their rates [4]. - The impact of the reciprocal tariffs on Japan and South Korea is mitigated as these tariffs do not apply to products already subject to specific industry tariffs [6]. Future Negotiation Outlook - If no agreements are reached by August 1, the U.S.'s negotiating power may decline, forcing a shift in focus back to domestic issues ahead of the midterm elections [7]. - Analysts predict that the final tariff rates may stabilize around 10% for allied countries, 20% for friendly nations, and 40% for competitive countries [8].