中国领跑过去十年全球清洁能源投资，“十五五”期间新的投资空间在哪里

Core Insights - The article highlights that energy investments in China, particularly in energy storage, distribution networks, and charging stations, are expected to see significant growth during the 14th Five-Year Plan period, driven by the need for flexibility and resilience in the power system [1][4] - It is projected that global energy investments will reach $3.3 trillion by 2025, with China accounting for over 25% of this total [1][5] - The construction of a new power system in China, primarily based on solar and wind energy, is accelerating, but the volatility of renewable energy generation poses challenges for grid stability [1][2] Energy Demand and Supply - China's electricity demand is not yet at its peak, with an expected annual increase of 4-5%, translating to approximately 500 TWh of new electricity demand that needs to be met [1][2] - Current approved projects in nuclear and hydropower can only contribute about 50-60 TWh of new electricity annually, necessitating an annual investment of 300-500 GW in wind and solar energy to fill the gap [2][4] Investment Focus Areas - The flexibility and resilience of the power system are identified as key areas for increased investment, with a projected annual addition of 50 GW in energy storage and gas turbines during the 14th Five-Year Plan [4] - There is a shift in investment logic towards enhancing distribution networks to support zero-carbon parks and integrated energy systems, moving away from previous focuses on distributed solar power [4][6] - Demand-side investment opportunities are highlighted, particularly in charging stations, which could significantly reduce the need for additional coal power generation [4][6] Global Energy Transition - The IEA emphasizes the imbalance in global energy investments, noting that while major economies like China, the US, and the EU have seen rapid growth, many developing countries, especially in Africa, have experienced a decline in energy investments [6][7] - China is recognized as a leader in clean energy investment and production, with its experiences serving as a reference for other countries in developing their energy markets [6][7] Regional Investment Trends - Central Asia is emerging as a focal point for market investment, benefiting from land resources and large projects, although it faces challenges due to insufficient grid investment [7] - China's photovoltaic equipment price reductions have spurred rapid market expansion in developing countries, making distributed generation a preferred choice in regions with unreliable grid access [7]