夏季肠道传染病多发，专家提醒当心病从口入

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the increased risk of intestinal infectious diseases during the summer due to high temperatures and humidity, highlighting the importance of food and water hygiene to prevent transmission [1][4]. Group 1: Disease Overview - Common intestinal infectious diseases in summer include hand-foot-mouth disease and bacterial dysentery, primarily transmitted through food, drinking water, and daily contact [1]. - Pathogens responsible for these diseases include bacteria such as pathogenic E. coli, Salmonella, Campylobacter jejuni, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, and Shigella, as well as viruses like Norovirus, Rotavirus, Astrovirus, Starvirus, and enteric adenovirus [1][4]. Group 2: Symptoms and Health Risks - Symptoms of intestinal infectious diseases typically include diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and loss of appetite, which can lead to malnutrition, anemia, and decreased immunity if prolonged [4]. - Severe cases may result in dehydration, and in rare instances, can be life-threatening [4]. Group 3: Prevention and Hygiene Practices - It is crucial to maintain food hygiene, such as boiling drinking water, separating raw and cooked foods to avoid cross-contamination, and properly storing leftovers in the refrigerator [4]. - Good dietary habits should be cultivated, including hand hygiene before meals and after using the restroom, avoiding overeating, and ensuring that raw foods are thoroughly washed [4]. Group 4: Recommendations for Diarrhea Management - In cases of diarrhea, it is not recommended to fast or avoid water; instead, light and easily digestible foods should be consumed [4]. - If diarrhea is mild, symptoms can generally improve within 2 to 3 days with dietary adjustments and rest; however, severe symptoms such as high fever, bloody stools, and signs of dehydration require immediate medical attention [4].