美国“群发”关税通知，施压换不来平等与信任

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the recent unilateral tariff warnings issued by the Trump administration to various countries, highlighting the lack of negotiation and the implications for international trade relationships [2][5][10]. Group 1: Trade Negotiations - Japanese representatives have made seven trips to Washington in three months, covering over 150,000 kilometers in an effort to negotiate "reciprocal tariffs" [1] - Since April, Asian trade negotiators have visited Washington over 20 times, accumulating more than 770 hours of flight time and over 350,000 kilometers, equivalent to circling the globe 14 times [1] Group 2: Tariff Warnings - The U.S. issued a stern, template-like tariff warning letter to Japan, stating that the U.S.-Japan relationship is "far from reciprocal" and announcing a unilateral 25% tariff on Japanese goods [6][8] - Brazil received a similar letter two days later, despite having a trade surplus with the U.S. exceeding $410 billion over the past 15 years, and the Brazilian government formally rejected the letter [6][8] Group 3: Economic Implications - The letter emphasizes the narrative of "trade deficit," blaming trade partners for high tariffs and barriers, while many economists argue that the U.S. trade deficit is primarily due to domestic spending exceeding output [7] - The letter's format transforms negotiations into a "unilateral notification," lacking terms like "consultation" or "discussion," and presents the tariffs as a mere "courtesy" [7][8] Group 4: International Reactions - The letter suggests that tariffs may fluctuate based on the U.S. relationship with each country, increasing uncertainty in the international trade system [8] - Countries like Brazil and South Africa have expressed their intent to retaliate against unilateral tariff increases, indicating a potential escalation in trade tensions [8]