致死率高 警惕夏日的隐形杀手——热射病

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the seriousness of heat stroke and heat illness, highlighting the high mortality rate associated with heat stroke and the importance of early recognition and treatment [1][2][4]. Group 1: Understanding Heat Stroke - Heat stroke is a severe form of heat illness that can lead to multi-organ failure within hours, and public awareness is critically low regarding its dangers [1][2]. - Key warning signs for self-assessment of heat stroke include feeling hot internally, dizziness, unsteady walking, and symptoms like nausea and shortness of breath [2][3]. - The diagnosis of heat stroke requires specific conditions: high temperature and humidity, along with at least one of the following: altered consciousness, body temperature above 40°C, failure of two or more organs, or coagulation disorders [2][3]. Group 2: Immediate Response and Treatment - Immediate self-care actions include stopping physical activity, leaving high-temperature environments, and initiating cooling measures [4]. - The severity of heat stroke damage is influenced by peak temperature and duration of exposure; rapid cooling is essential to prevent cellular damage [4][5]. - Effective cooling methods include applying ice packs to major arteries, full-body cooling in cold water, and ensuring the patient is transported to a medical facility promptly [5][6]. Group 3: Prevention Strategies - Preventive measures include avoiding prolonged vigorous exercise in high-temperature and high-humidity conditions, especially for vulnerable populations like the elderly and children [7][8]. - Individuals working in high-temperature environments, such as construction workers, should take extra precautions to prevent heat-related illnesses [7]. - Gradual exposure to heat through outdoor activities can enhance heat tolerance and reduce the risk of heat-related illnesses [8].