华农学子赴茂南调研，探寻特色农业发展路径

Core Viewpoint - The research team from South China Agricultural University conducted a two-day field study in Maonan District, focusing on the development of特色农业 (specialty agriculture) and the local industries of lychee and tilapia [2][3][11]. Group 1: Research Activities - The research team, consisting of over 40 faculty and students, visited ancient lychee orchards and a national modern agricultural industrial park for tilapia [2][3]. - The team explored the cultural significance of the lychee industry and assessed the current state of tilapia farming and processing [4][12]. Group 2: Lychee Industry Insights - Maonan is renowned for its ancient lychee trees, with 4,996 trees over 100 years old, including 496 that are over 1,000 years old [7][8]. - The oldest lychee tree is approximately 1,938 years old, showcasing the historical depth of the region's agricultural heritage [8][10]. Group 3: Tilapia Industry Development - Maonan is recognized as the "Tilapia Capital of China," with a total aquaculture area of 50,800 acres, of which 95% is dedicated to tilapia farming [11][12]. - The region has established a national tilapia breeding farm and several standardized breeding demonstration farms, with an expected annual production of 2 billion high-quality tilapia fry by 2025 [13][14]. Group 4: Industry Chain Understanding - The research team gained insights into the complete industrial chain of tilapia, from seedling research and breeding to processing and distribution [17]. - Visits to local companies provided practical experience and knowledge about the operational models within the tilapia industry [19]. Group 5: Environmental Awareness - The team also visited ecological parks and museums, reflecting on the transformation of abandoned mining sites into green spaces, emphasizing the concept of sustainable development [21][22]. Group 6: Student Engagement and Perspectives - Following the field study, students debated whether Maoming should prioritize modern agricultural industry chains or focus on industrial system upgrades, enhancing their understanding of the complexities of industry development [23][24]. - Students expressed a strengthened commitment to agricultural development after witnessing the joy of farmers during harvest [25].