合成生物制造引领“第四次工业革命” ——中国工程院院士郑裕国一席谈

Core Insights - The article discusses the emergence of the "Fourth Industrial Revolution," driven by advancements in artificial intelligence, biotechnology, and particularly synthetic biology manufacturing, which is seen as a key player in transforming industrial production processes [2][3]. Industry Transformation - Synthetic biology manufacturing is positioned as a transformative force in the fine chemical industry, promoting a shift towards green, low-carbon, and sustainable development models [3][5]. - Compared to traditional petrochemical routes, synthetic biology manufacturing can achieve energy savings and emissions reductions of 30% to 50%, with future potential reaching 50% to 70% [3][5]. Technological Advancements - The article highlights the successful engineering validation of biocatalysts, such as the use of nitrile hydratase to replace traditional copper catalysts in the production of acrylamide, leading to lower reaction temperatures and large-scale production [4][6]. - The development of high-efficiency microbial cell factories and enzyme-based catalysts is emphasized as a new production model, showcasing the potential for green and efficient synthesis of materials [6][7]. Market Potential - The market for synthetic biology technologies is projected to reach $17 billion in 2023, with a compound annual growth rate of 28.8%, indicating significant economic potential [5]. - The global demand for L-methionine, a key amino acid, is expected to reach approximately 1.7 million tons in 2023, valued at around 33 billion yuan, highlighting the industry's growth phase [6]. Industry Collaboration - Successful collaborations between academic institutions and companies are driving the industrialization of synthetic biology, with examples including the establishment of large-scale production lines for various biochemicals [7]. - The "Yangtze River Delta Synthetic Biology Manufacturing Corridor" is projected to achieve nearly 100 billion yuan in total revenue by 2024, reflecting the expanding influence of synthetic biology across the nation [7].