关税博弈加剧 多国努力应对

Core Viewpoint - The Trump administration's strategy of imposing tariffs is increasingly ineffective, as evidenced by the lack of substantial trade agreements and the growing resistance from trade partners [2][3]. Group 1: U.S. Tariff Strategy - The Trump administration announced new tariffs ranging from 20% to 50% on various trade partners, extending the deadline for "reciprocal tariffs" to August 1 [1][2]. - Despite threats, the U.S. has only reached framework agreements with the UK and Vietnam, failing to secure comprehensive trade deals [2][3]. - The U.S. is perceived to be losing its negotiating power, with countries like Japan and Canada responding to tariff threats with their own countermeasures [2][3]. Group 2: Global Economic Resilience - Countries are enhancing their economic resilience through infrastructure improvements and industry competitiveness to counter U.S. tariff pressures [3][4]. - Germany has approved a €460 billion corporate tax reduction plan and a €500 billion public investment initiative to stimulate its economy [3]. - Japan has introduced measures to support corporate financing and consumer spending, while also providing energy subsidies [3]. Group 3: Trade Diversification Efforts - Many countries are seeking new trade partnerships to mitigate the impact of U.S. tariffs, leading to a more diversified international trade landscape [6][7]. - The EU is actively pursuing free trade agreements with various countries, including those in the Global South, to strengthen its trade network [6][7]. - ASEAN countries are focusing on regional economic integration and leveraging multilateral agreements to counteract tariff impacts [6][7]. Group 4: Responses from Emerging Markets - Emerging markets like Malaysia and Brazil are resisting U.S. pressure by refusing to compromise on national interests and implementing their own industrial plans [3][5]. - Brazil's government is advancing a "New Industrial Plan" to enhance manufacturing competitiveness through financing and tax incentives [5]. - African nations are accelerating regional market integration under the African Continental Free Trade Area agreement to build resilience against global trade shocks [7].