高温成欧洲“无声杀手”，西班牙极端高温两个月内致1180人死亡

Group 1 - The extreme heat in Spain has resulted in 1,180 deaths from May 16 to July 13, a staggering increase of 1,035% compared to 114 deaths during the same period last year [1][2] - The average temperature in Spain for June was recorded at 23.6 degrees Celsius, surpassing the previous record set in June 2017 by 0.8 degrees Celsius, with expectations of further record-breaking temperatures in July [1] - The first week of July saw a 47% increase in heat-related deaths compared to the total number of deaths in June, indicating a concerning trend [1] Group 2 - Spain's Carlos III Health Institute reported 76 instances of extreme heat warnings in the past two months, a significant rise from zero warnings during the same period last year [2] - Among the 1,180 heat-related deaths, 95% were individuals over 65 years old, with approximately 60% being women, and notably, northern regions of Spain experienced higher death rates due to lower historical temperatures [2] - A report from Imperial College London and the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine estimated that around 2,300 people died from heat in 12 European cities, highlighting that many deaths were exacerbated by pre-existing health conditions rather than direct heatstroke [2] Group 3 - Over the past 40 years, improvements in healthcare and increased household income have led to a rise in air conditioning availability in Spain from 5% to 35%, reducing heat-related deaths by one-third [3] - However, the benefits of air conditioning are not equally distributed, with lower socioeconomic groups and outdoor workers being more vulnerable to the effects of extreme heat [3]