上海银行顾建忠：商业银行发展科技金融的理论与实践

Core Viewpoint - The development of technology finance is crucial for enhancing China's economic quality and addressing structural contradictions in financing, particularly in supporting technological innovation and small and medium-sized enterprises [1][4]. Group 1: Importance of Technology Finance - The Chinese government emphasizes the integration of technology, industry, and finance to foster a virtuous cycle that supports high-quality economic development [1][4]. - Technology finance is essential for improving total factor productivity, especially as China transitions from high-speed growth to high-quality development [2][4]. - The current financial system, primarily dominated by banks, struggles to meet the unique needs of technology enterprises, highlighting the necessity for a more supportive technology finance framework [3][4]. Group 2: Historical Development of Technology Finance - The development of technology finance in China can be categorized into four stages: 1. The embryonic stage (1980-1984) focused on policy-driven technology loans. 2. The initial stage (1985-2005) saw government-led innovations in financial tools. 3. The rapid development stage (2006-2015) established a systematic technology finance framework. 4. The integration development stage (2016-present) involves collaboration among government, financial institutions, and platform enterprises [5][6]. Group 3: Current Trends in Technology Finance - The financial sector is increasingly prioritizing technology finance, with banks establishing specialized departments and enhancing their service capabilities [9]. - There is a growing emphasis on professional talent development within banks to better serve technology enterprises [9]. - Innovative financial products tailored to the needs of technology firms are being developed, focusing on early-stage financing and risk-sharing mechanisms [9][29]. Group 4: Challenges in Technology Finance - The existing financial system faces significant challenges in aligning with the unique characteristics of technology innovation, such as long development cycles and high uncertainty [10][15]. - There is a mismatch between the risk profiles of technology enterprises and traditional banking practices, which often rely on collateral and stable cash flows [13][14]. - The lack of effective risk assessment and pricing mechanisms for technology enterprises hampers the growth of technology finance [13][15]. Group 5: International Experiences and Practices - The U.S. and Germany have developed distinct technology finance systems, with the U.S. favoring direct financing through venture capital and private equity, while Germany relies on indirect financing through policy banks [16][19]. - Successful models from these countries highlight the importance of government support and innovative financing mechanisms in fostering technology finance [22][24]. Group 6: Recommendations for Enhancing Technology Finance - It is recommended that commercial banks adopt a more patient capital approach, focusing on long-term value assessment rather than short-term gains [25][26]. - Establishing a differentiated performance evaluation system that aligns with the characteristics of technology finance is crucial for encouraging banks to support early-stage technology enterprises [27][34]. - Strengthening collaboration between banks and various stakeholders, including government and industry, can enhance the overall ecosystem for technology finance [30][32].