赤田之约，何以破解治水困局？

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the successful renewal of the ecological compensation agreement between Sanya and Baoting, highlighting the innovative "Qitian Model" for water management that has transformed the relationship between upstream and downstream areas into a collaborative partnership for water conservation [1][8]. Group 1: Background and Context - The Qitian Reservoir, located in the upper reaches of the Fengqiao River, is crucial for Sanya's drinking water supply, covering an area of 19,769.55 acres and involving 17 villages and one community [1]. - Three years ago, the water quality alarm was raised when the national control section's water quality dropped to Class III, prompting the need for a collaborative approach to water management [1][2]. Group 2: Ecological Compensation Mechanism - The innovative ecological compensation mechanism includes three dimensions: water quality, water quantity, and action, linking compensation funds directly to performance metrics [2]. - A total of 600 million yuan has been allocated for the first assessment period from 2022 to 2024, with contributions from provincial finance (330 million yuan), Sanya (180 million yuan), and Baoting (90 million yuan) [2]. Group 3: Results and Impact - As a result of the collaborative efforts, Sanya received 84 million yuan and Baoting received 516 million yuan in ecological compensation funds [3]. - The funds have been used for targeted projects, with a 93.4% pass rate for 65 key projects, demonstrating effective allocation and management of resources [4][5]. Group 4: Water Quality Improvement - The water quality in the Qitian Reservoir has shown significant improvement, with the proportion of high-quality water sections reaching 85.7%, the best level in history [6]. - The water quality at the national control section improved from Class III to Class II from 2021 to 2024, indicating a successful turnaround from previous concerns [6]. Group 5: Community and Economic Benefits - The initiative has led to various community benefits, including reduced costs for farmers (approximately 550 yuan per acre) and a 57% increase in income for relocated households [7]. - The implementation of agricultural circular projects has resulted in an increase of 25,800 kilograms per hectare of ecological products and an economic benefit of 1.03 million yuan per hectare [7]. Group 6: Governance and Collaboration - The "Qitian Model" effectively resolves long-standing conflicts between upstream and downstream areas by tightly binding their interests, fostering a collaborative governance approach [8][9]. - The model has been recognized as a national typical case and is being promoted across 17 cities and counties, covering 10 rivers, 4 lakes, and 18 monitoring sections [9].