Jin Rong Shi Bao·2025-07-18 01:00Core Viewpoint - The issuance of "perpetual bonds" and "subordinated bonds" by commercial banks in China has significantly accelerated, particularly in the second quarter, with a total issuance of 894.56 billion yuan across 57 bonds by July 15, 2023 [1] Group 1: Issuance Trends - The issuance volume of "perpetual bonds" and "subordinated bonds" has notably increased in the second quarter, with 43 bonds issued totaling 638.7 billion yuan, compared to only 9 bonds and 173.86 billion yuan in the first quarter [2] - Major state-owned banks, including Industrial and Commercial Bank of China, Agricultural Bank of China, Bank of China, and China Construction Bank, have been the primary issuers, with significant amounts raised in May 2023 [2] Group 2: Reasons for Acceleration - The acceleration in issuance is driven by stricter regulatory requirements, necessitating banks to enhance their capital levels to meet standards and mitigate potential risks, especially under the pressures of credit expansion and non-performing asset management [2][3] - Increased support for the real economy has also prompted banks to strengthen their capital bases to facilitate higher credit disbursements [3] Group 3: Challenges for Smaller Banks - While state-owned banks lead in issuance, smaller banks, including regional and rural commercial banks, have seen a significant increase in issuance compared to the previous year, highlighting their capital replenishment pressures [4][5] - Smaller banks face challenges in capital replenishment due to limited internal capital generation capabilities and constrained external funding options, making the issuance of "perpetual bonds" and "subordinated bonds" crucial [5] Group 4: Future Outlook - The issuance of "perpetual bonds" is expected to continue, with a divergence in supply between different types of banks; state-owned banks may see a decrease in issuance due to reduced capital pressures, while smaller banks will remain active participants in the market [8] - Smaller banks may encounter higher funding costs and weaker subscription conditions when issuing "perpetual bonds," necessitating improvements in operational quality and brand image to enhance their issuance capabilities [8]