“谁受损，谁索赔”，海洋生态环境损害赔偿管理办法正酝酿

Core Viewpoint - The Ministry of Ecology and Environment is drafting a management approach for marine ecological environment damage compensation, emphasizing the principle of "who suffers, who claims" for significant losses [1][2]. Group 1: Legislative Framework - The draft management approach is open for public consultation and aims to standardize the procedures for marine ecological environment damage compensation, which has been lacking specific regulations [1][2]. - The revised Marine Environmental Protection Law states that departments responsible for marine environmental supervision can claim damages for significant losses caused by pollution or ecological destruction [1][2]. Group 2: Criteria for Significant Loss - Significant losses warranting compensation include major ecological issues identified by central environmental inspections, substantial environmental incidents, ecological damage events, and damages amounting to 300,000 yuan or more [2]. - The compensation scope includes losses from service function loss during the repair period, permanent damage, investigation and assessment costs, pollution removal and repair expenses, and reasonable costs to prevent further damage [2]. Group 3: Compensation Process - The ecological environment authority will represent the state in claiming damages, prioritizing restoration; if restoration is not feasible, alternative compensation methods may be used [3]. - The draft allows for negotiation between the claiming department and the liable party to reduce costs and improve efficiency, with litigation as an option if negotiations fail [4]. Group 4: Regional Examples and Challenges - Coastal provinces face significant challenges in marine ecological protection due to industrialization and urbanization, with complex pollution sources and increasing risks of accidents [4]. - In Tangshan, a comprehensive restoration system for seagrass beds has been developed, resulting in a significant increase in biodiversity and ecological value [5]. Group 5: Implementation and Monitoring - The draft emphasizes the need for tracking and evaluating the effectiveness of restoration efforts, with recognition for units and individuals achieving significant results in marine ecological protection [7].