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“大而美”之后特朗普再推削减支出法案 国会山上演开支博弈2.0
Yang Shi Xin Wen·2025-07-19 03:21

Core Points - The signing of the controversial spending cut bill by President Trump on July 18 officially rescinds $9 billion in foreign aid and public broadcasting federal spending [1] - The bill is seen as a continuation of the budgetary conflicts between the two parties following the passage of the "One Big Beautiful Bill" in June, reflecting Trump's political victory in budget and administrative leadership [1][2] Group 1: Budget Reconfiguration - The "One Big Beautiful Bill" allocated over $2 trillion for defense, infrastructure, and social security, with Republicans compromising on some Democratic social spending and international aid [2] - The spending cut bill aims to address dissatisfaction within the Republican Party by reclaiming previously compromised fiscal expenditures, serving as a tool for the Trump administration to demonstrate fiscal tightening [2] - The bill is part of a two-phase budget negotiation process, with the first phase being the bipartisan compromise of the "One Big Beautiful Bill" and the second phase focusing on internal Republican priority restructuring [2] Group 2: Impact on Foreign Aid - The spending cuts primarily affect humanitarian, global health, food security, and climate aid projects under the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID), including contributions to UN peacekeeping and climate funds [2][3] - The UN Secretary-General's office warned that U.S. aid cuts would directly impact the world's most vulnerable populations, with potential project suspensions and disruptions in food and medicine supplies for recipient countries [3] Group 3: Public Broadcasting Cuts - Federal funding for public broadcasting, which is allocated to the Corporation for Public Broadcasting (CPB) and subsequently distributed to NPR, PBS, and local stations, is significantly impacted by the cuts [4] - Although the federal budget for CPB is only $535 million, it represents about 4% of NPR's and 15% of PBS's funding, crucial for maintaining over 1,400 public broadcasting stations, especially in rural areas [4] - The cuts threaten the operational viability of local stations that rely on federal funding, potentially affecting public service delivery in underserved communities [4] Group 4: Political Debate and Division - The spending cut bill has sparked intense debate, with Republicans framing it as a commitment to "shrinking government," while moderate Republicans and Democrats express concerns over its implications for public health and local media [6][5] - The bill passed narrowly in both the House and Senate, highlighting deep divisions within the Republican Party and between the two parties regarding fiscal priorities and social services [6][7] - The swift signing of the bill by Trump was necessary to avoid automatic funding reinstatement, marking a significant political maneuver amid ongoing budgetary conflicts [7]