高温天如何识别和预防热射病？

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the rising temperatures and the associated health risks, particularly focusing on heat stroke, its symptoms, and the importance of early recognition and treatment [1]. Group 1: Heat Stroke Overview - Heat stroke, medically known as "severe heat illness," is caused by an imbalance between heat production and dissipation due to exposure to high temperatures or intense physical activity, characterized by a core body temperature exceeding 40°C and central nervous system abnormalities [3]. - Key early warning signs for heat stroke include rapid increase in body temperature, extreme fatigue, dizziness, and confusion, summarized as "hot, shaky, dizzy, and confused" [3]. Group 2: Symptoms and Diagnosis - Symptoms of heat stroke can vary; atypical cases may not present with high core temperatures or severe consciousness disturbances, especially in elderly individuals and infants [3][4]. - Specific symptoms to watch for include intense nausea without vomiting, behavioral changes, and abnormal responses to environmental conditions [4]. Group 3: Emergency Response - The primary principle in treating heat stroke is to lower the core temperature as quickly and effectively as possible, with a critical window of 30 minutes to reduce the temperature below 40°C to significantly decrease mortality risk [4]. - Emergency measures include moving the patient to a cool, ventilated area, removing clothing, and using cold water immersion or cooling methods while monitoring vital signs [4].