AI是巨响还是呜咽

Core Viewpoint - The impact of artificial intelligence (AI) on human capabilities may not be a sudden shock but rather a gradual decline in essential skills, raising concerns among technology ethicists about the potential loss of creativity, deep thinking, and critical thinking abilities [1][2]. Group 1: Research Findings - A recent study from MIT involved 54 participants divided into three groups using OpenAI's ChatGPT, Google Search, and no tools to write articles, revealing significant differences in brain activity [2]. - Participants using ChatGPT exhibited the weakest neural connectivity, lower executive control, and reduced attention compared to those who did not use any tools, who showed the strongest and most widespread neural connections [2]. - The study concluded that long-term reliance on AI could lead to a decline in cognitive abilities, particularly affecting creativity and critical thinking, especially in developing brains [2]. Group 2: Diverging Perspectives - There exists a contrasting viewpoint known as "technological optimism," which posits that technology, including AI, can enhance human capabilities by freeing individuals from mundane tasks and allowing them to focus on more creative and fulfilling work [3]. - Optimists believe that AI could lead humanity into a "beautiful new world," suggesting that technology serves as an extension of human capabilities [3]. Group 3: Human Agency - The future of humanity does not have to be a choice between regression and progression; rather, individuals hold the key to how they utilize technology, leading to different outcomes [4]. - The choice of which "door" to open in the AI era is not determined by AI itself but by individual decisions regarding technology use [4].