欧盟“两手准备”应对美国关税：一边加紧谈判，一边筹划反击

Core Points - The EU and US are entering another round of intensive trade negotiations, aiming to reach an agreement before the August 1 deadline, amidst increasing tensions over tariffs [1][6] - The US is reportedly seeking to implement nearly comprehensive high tariffs on EU goods, with rates exceeding 10%, while exemptions are becoming increasingly limited [2] - The EU is preparing for potential retaliatory measures if negotiations fail, including tariffs on US goods valued at €21 billion and an additional list targeting €72 billion worth of products [11][12] Group 1: Trade Negotiations - The EU and US representatives are set to engage in negotiations to break the deadlock before the August 1 deadline, with US Commerce Secretary expressing confidence in reaching an agreement [1][5] - The discussions include potential limits on certain industries, quotas on steel and aluminum, and the separation of supply chains from surplus metal sources [5][10] - The EU had previously been optimistic about nearing a preliminary framework for discussions on a unified tax rate of 10% on most exports [7] Group 2: Tariff Policies - Trump has warned that if no agreement is reached, a 30% tariff on EU imports will take effect on August 1, along with additional tariffs on cars, steel, aluminum, and other products [6][11] - The EU estimates that US tariffs currently cover €380 billion (approximately $442 billion) of its exports, accounting for about 70% of its total exports to the US [6] Group 3: Retaliatory Measures - The EU is considering rapid action plans for retaliatory tariffs if negotiations do not yield positive results, which could escalate into a broader transatlantic trade conflict [11][13] - The EU has already approved potential tariffs on US goods worth €21 billion in response to US metal tariffs, targeting politically sensitive products [11] - The EU is also exploring measures beyond tariffs, such as export controls and restrictions on public procurement contracts [12][14]