【环球财经】卢拉政府推多项增税措施以增加财政收入

Core Viewpoint - The Brazilian government has implemented approximately 25 tax adjustments since January 2023 under President Lula's administration, aiming to achieve fiscal balance and strengthen public finances [1][2]. Tax Policy Adjustments - The government has increased existing tax rates, eliminated certain tax exemptions, introduced new taxes, and raised taxes on specific goods and services [1]. - Notable measures include a special tax on the sports betting industry, the "shirt tax" on international shopping, and the financial transaction tax (IOF) [1]. Specific Tax Changes - The IPI tax rate on firearms has increased from 29% to 55%, and the tax on ammunition has risen from 13% to 25% [2]. - Offshore funds will be taxed on earnings at rates between 15% and 20% [2]. - The "shirt tax" imposes a 20% tariff on imported goods valued over $50 [2]. - A minimum profit tax for multinational corporations with annual revenues exceeding €750 million will be set at 15% [2]. - The gambling sector will see an increase in operational taxes from 12% to 18%, with total tax burdens potentially reaching 50% [2]. - The tax rate on capital interest dividends (JCP) is proposed to rise from 15% to 20% starting in 2026 [2]. Economic Implications - The continuous optimization of tax policies is expected to modernize Brazil's tax system, enhancing fairness and efficiency, which is crucial for long-term sustainable development [3]. - While these tax increases may initially pressure businesses and consumers, they are deemed essential for consolidating national finances and promoting economic stability [3]. - The Brazilian Central Bank and Ministry of Finance will closely monitor the effects of these policies to balance fiscal goals with economic growth [3].