从韩国卷心菜到欧洲橄榄油，高温如何左右影响全球食品价格？

Core Insights - Extreme heat has led to significant short-term price increases in various food items, contributing to inflation [1][3] - The research indicates that food prices typically change within one to two months following extreme weather events [1][3] - The study highlights that the frequency and intensity of extreme weather events have increased compared to 30-40 years ago, with expectations of continued trends as greenhouse gas emissions rise [1][5] Price Increases in Specific Foods - Specific food items have seen dramatic price increases due to extreme weather, with Spanish olive oil prices rising by 50% and U.S. vegetable prices increasing by 80% [3] - In Australia, iceberg lettuce prices surged over 300% due to severe flooding, impacting local fast-food chains [3] - Global cocoa prices rose approximately 300% in April 2024 due to drought conditions in Ghana and Côte d'Ivoire, affecting chocolate prices in the UK [3] Economic and Social Implications - Rising food prices are expected to impact food security, particularly in poorer countries, and may exacerbate overall inflation [4] - The increase in food prices has significant implications for election outcomes, as seen in the recent U.S. elections where living costs played a crucial role [4] - Financial institutions are increasingly recognizing the relationship between extreme heat and inflation, with HSBC noting that tracking temperature trends is becoming a better method for predicting food inflation in India [6] Policy and Regulatory Responses - The European Central Bank has begun incorporating climate change and natural degradation into its monetary policy considerations [6] - ECB officials have noted the significant impact of extreme heat on inflation rates and GDP, emphasizing the need for financial stability assessments that include natural risk factors [6]