日媒：在日本政坛，稻米是“第三条高压线”

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the critical importance of rice in Japan's political landscape, likening it to a "third rail" that politicians must avoid disrupting, as it directly impacts food security and voter sentiment [1][2]. Group 1: Rice Production Challenges - Japan's rice production system faces significant challenges, including an aging farmer population, with many over 65 years old and lacking successors [2][3]. - The fragmentation of farmland limits the ability to invest in automation and AI technologies, making it difficult to modernize the agricultural sector [2][3]. - The government has historically set rice prices to protect farmers, but this has not led to profitability, and past policies have failed to adapt to climate change impacts [2][3]. Group 2: Policy and Market Implications - The reliance on large rice reserves to stabilize market prices is becoming unsustainable due to weak political leadership, resulting in empty supermarket shelves and soaring rice prices [2]. - The rising cost of rice has become a focal point for voters, prompting the Prime Minister to appoint a new minister to reform the rice system, although there are concerns about the potential negative impact on Japan's 2,500-year-old rice culture [2][3]. - The agricultural ministry faces a complex dilemma of maintaining low rice prices while ensuring farmer income and food security, complicating policy decisions [3]. Group 3: Recommendations for Reform - Instead of paying farmers not to cultivate rice, there is a need to encourage the consolidation of small plots into larger, more efficient operations, supported by technology and financial assistance [3]. - Accelerating breeding research to develop high-quality, heat-resistant rice varieties is essential to address climate change challenges and protect premium production areas [3]. - Reforming the rice system requires careful consideration, as any misstep could have severe consequences for Japan's food culture and security [3].