气候变化之下，古建筑如何“未病先防”

Group 1: Climate Change Impact on Cultural Heritage - One-sixth of the world's cultural heritage is threatened by climate change, with extreme weather and ecological imbalance causing significant damage [1] - In Shanxi, 1,783 cultural relics were affected by unusual heavy rainfall in October 2021, including 61 sections of the World Heritage site Pingyao Ancient City, which suffered structural collapses [2][3] - Long-term climate changes can gradually damage cultural relics, with a 1°C increase in global average temperature leading to a 20%-25% reduction in wood strength and a 30% increase in stone weathering rates [3][4] Group 2: Challenges in Cultural Heritage Preservation - Approximately 10% of registered protected buildings in China have gradually disappeared since the 21st century, with about 2,000 heritage buildings lost each year [4] - The shift from passive restoration to proactive maintenance is necessary for cultural heritage protection, emphasizing the need for innovative technologies and risk awareness [5][6] - There is a shortage of professionals skilled in both technology and restoration theory, which hampers preventive protection efforts [7][8] Group 3: Resilience Protection Systems - A resilience protection system is needed for ancient buildings to adapt to external shocks and environmental changes [9][10] - This system should integrate monitoring and predictive analysis capabilities, enhancing both the resilience of cultural heritage and its surrounding environment [10][11] - Establishing a comprehensive lifecycle protection system is essential for the longevity and stability of ancient buildings, requiring collaboration across various sectors and the involvement of research institutions and universities [12]