特朗普造访美联储“敲打”鲍威尔，为何紧盯翻修案是影响美联储独立性更狠一招？

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses President Trump's visit to the Federal Reserve, focusing on the controversy surrounding the renovation costs of the Fed's headquarters and his ongoing pressure for interest rate cuts, which may indicate a potential shift in the relationship between the Trump administration and the Federal Reserve [1][3][8]. Group 1: Federal Reserve Renovation and Costs - Trump highlighted that the renovation costs for the two Federal Reserve buildings have exceeded $3.1 billion, a claim that Fed Chairman Powell disputed, stating that Trump included costs from a third building completed five years ago [1]. - The visit comes after a historical precedent where only three U.S. presidents have visited the Federal Reserve, indicating the significance of Trump's engagement with the institution [1]. Group 2: Interest Rate Cuts and Political Pressure - Trump has been urging the Federal Reserve to lower the benchmark interest rate from the current range of 4.25% to 4.5% down to 1% to reduce federal borrowing costs [1]. - Following Trump's comments, market expectations have shifted, with traders betting on a more significant rate cut than previously anticipated, reflecting growing belief that the Fed may align more closely with White House demands after Powell's potential departure [8]. Group 3: Potential Reforms and Regulatory Changes - Trump's administration is exploring the possibility of reforming the Federal Reserve's operations, with officials suggesting a comprehensive investigation into the Fed's efficiency and operations [4]. - There is speculation about merging the roles of the Treasury and the Federal Reserve under a single leadership, which could significantly alter the Fed's independence and operational framework [4][6]. Group 4: Legislative Changes and Political Dynamics - Trump is attempting to change the Senate's "60-vote rule," which could allow for easier passage of reforms affecting the Federal Reserve, potentially increasing presidential influence over the Fed [7]. - If successful, this could lead to a restructuring of the Federal Reserve's governance, including the appointment of more officials aligned with Trump's policies, thereby impacting the Fed's decision-making process [7][8].