“癌界小恶魔”在山东发病率逆势攀升，专家解读防治新突破

Core Insights - Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is referred to as the "little devil" in the cancer community, with an increasing incidence in Shandong province, contrasting with the declining trend in Western countries [1][5] - In Shandong, SCLC accounts for 18% to 20% of newly diagnosed lung cancer patients, which is higher than in Western countries, indicating a significant challenge in its prevention and treatment [5][6] Group 1: Incidence and Statistics - China has the highest lung cancer incidence and mortality rates globally, with SCLC patients facing numerous clinical challenges due to their low proportion, high malignancy, and short overall survival [4] - In Shandong, SCLC is particularly prevalent in areas with poor smoking control, contributing to the rising incidence [5] Group 2: Treatment Advances - The treatment landscape for SCLC has evolved from primarily chemotherapy and chemoradiotherapy to an era of immunotherapy, significantly improving survival rates [6] - In the extensive stage, combining immunotherapy with chemotherapy has resulted in over 50% of patients surviving for more than one year, a notable improvement from previous chemotherapy-only survival rates [6] - For limited-stage SCLC patients who respond well to chemoradiotherapy, adding immunotherapy has led to a 60% three-year survival rate [6] Group 3: Risk Factors - The primary risk factor for SCLC is smoking, with most patients being smokers, while a family history of lung cancer also increases risk [6]