PCB厂布局东南亚 面临对等关税与人才瓶颈挑战

Group 1 - The core viewpoint is that Southeast Asia is becoming a major hub for PCB manufacturing, with Thailand, Malaysia, and Vietnam projected to generate a combined PCB output of $8.6 billion in 2024, accounting for 10.8% of the global market [1] - The region faces challenges such as insufficient manufacturing capacity, talent shortages, and high punitive tariffs imposed by the U.S. on goods transiting through third countries [1][2] - The U.S. tariff policy has significantly impacted economies reliant on exports to the U.S., with Vietnam having completed negotiations to lower tariffs on certain goods, while Thailand and Malaysia face potential tariffs of 36% and 25% respectively [1] Group 2 - The TPCA highlights a tightening supply of skilled labor in Southeast Asia, which poses risks to the stable operation of new production lines and affects overall industry expansion [2] - To address the labor bottleneck, initiatives such as the establishment of a Thai PCB Association and partnerships with local universities are being pursued to systematically cultivate talent [2] - Companies planning to expand in Southeast Asia should evaluate supply chain maturity, talent and educational resources, and regional political stability to ensure product quality meets global standards [2]