专家详解美欧贸易协议：无法律约束力，暗藏“恐怖平衡”

Core Points - The EU has released a document explaining the "EU-US Trade Agreement," stating that the political agreement reached on July 27, 2025, is not legally binding [1][3] - Following the agreement, there has been public backlash in Europe, with the US imposing a 15% tariff on most EU products, while the EU commits to significant purchases of US energy and military equipment [1][3] Trade Agreement Details - The agreement includes a 15% tariff cap on EU goods, applicable to nearly all EU exports subject to reciprocal tariffs, with exceptions for products with higher most-favored-nation tariffs [7][8] - The 15% tariff cap also applies to automobiles and auto parts, with immediate tariff reductions available [8] - The EU plans to procure US liquefied natural gas, oil, and nuclear products worth $750 billion (approximately €700 billion) over the next three years [9] - EU companies have expressed interest in investing at least $600 billion (approximately €550 billion) in various sectors in the US by 2029, adding to existing investments of €2.4 trillion [10] Legal and Negotiation Aspects - The terms "intend" and "interested" used in the agreement lack legal significance, raising questions about the enforceability of the commitments [11] - Despite the lack of legal binding, there are implications for compliance, as failure to execute may lead to other consequences [12] - The agreement is characterized as a framework agreement, with further negotiations required to solidify specific terms and conditions [3][14] Future Negotiations - Key issues remain unresolved, including tariffs on steel and aluminum, with discussions ongoing about potential exemptions for certain products [15] - The EU and US aim to reach a non-legally binding joint statement by August 1, which will expand on the July 27 negotiations [14] - The trade volume between the EU and US is projected to exceed €1.6 trillion in 2024, with significant daily trade flows [15]