1.3亿年前，它就在吸血！如何精准拍死蚊子 南都新知

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the historical significance, biological characteristics, and the impact of climate change on mosquitoes, highlighting their role in disease transmission and the challenges in controlling their populations. Group 1: Historical Significance of Mosquitoes - Mosquitoes have been bloodsucking insects for approximately 130 million years, even feeding on dinosaurs [3][5] - Recent discoveries of ancient male mosquito fossils in amber provide evidence of their long evolutionary history [5][7] Group 2: Biological Characteristics - Male mosquitoes were once bloodsuckers, but evolved to primarily feed on nectar due to ecological changes [7] - Female mosquitoes require blood for egg development, laying 200-300 eggs after a single feeding [7][10] - There are approximately 110 trillion mosquitoes currently on Earth [7] Group 3: Disease Transmission - Mosquitoes are responsible for transmitting over 80 diseases, causing approximately 725,000 deaths annually [8][10] - In 2022, malaria alone resulted in 608,000 deaths, while dengue fever cases reached a historical high in 2024 with over 14 million reported cases [8] Group 4: Climate Change Impact - Climate change is increasing mosquito populations and their geographical range, with temperate regions becoming more hospitable [16] - The World Health Organization warns that diseases like dengue and chikungunya are spreading faster due to climate change [16] Group 5: Challenges in Mosquito Control - Mosquitoes are developing resistance to insecticides, making population control increasingly difficult [17] - The focus has shifted from eradication to reducing mosquito density to limit virus transmission [17] Group 6: Mosquito Evasion Techniques - Mosquitoes utilize a flight pattern based on Lévy flight, making them difficult to catch [20] - They possess a "balance stick" that helps them detect air vibrations, allowing them to evade swatting [22]