【发展之道】 银行业反内卷须杜绝“规模情结”“速度情结”

Core Viewpoint - The banking industry is urged to combat "involution" by adhering to self-regulatory mechanisms, implementing relevant interest rate policies, and establishing reasonable incentive structures to promote rational and healthy competition, ultimately serving economic and social development better [1] Group 1: Manifestations of "Involution" in Banking - "Involution" in the banking sector is primarily reflected in high-interest deposit acquisition and low-interest lending, with some banks still using high-interest rates to attract deposits despite regulatory measures [2] - High commissions are offered by banks to stabilize market share or attract customers, disrupting normal market order [2] - Banks exhibit "window dressing" behaviors at month-end or quarter-end to meet specific operational targets, often through practices like "buying deposits" [2] - Some banks relax risk control requirements to expand market reach, leading to ineffective credit risk management [2] Group 2: Factors Contributing to "Involution" - Global economic pressures are impacting growth, leading to a low-interest environment that compresses net interest margins for banks [3] - The significant decline in net interest margins and the homogeneity of financial services compel banks to engage in price wars for market competition [3] - Some banks are driven by a "scale obsession" and "speed obsession," with performance evaluation mechanisms focusing on business scale and growth rates, prompting employees to use low prices and high commissions to attract clients [3] - Increased sensitivity of enterprises and individuals to interest rate changes, coupled with high substitutability of financial services, makes price a crucial decision factor, further driving "involution" [3] Group 3: Negative Impacts of "Involution" - "Involution" reduces asset yield for banks and increases liability costs, intensifying downward pressure on net interest margins, which is detrimental to sustainable development and service to the economy [4] - The homogeneity of competition fails to meet the personalized financial service needs of clients, while the "quantity for price" model can lead to funds flowing into arbitrage areas, hindering effective fund utilization [4] - Inadequate credit risk management in lending can accumulate risks, increasing instability in economic development [4] - Distorted performance evaluation mechanisms place unnecessary pressure on employees, leading to potential violations [4] Group 4: Measures to Address "Involution" - The banking industry must correct its development philosophy, operate in compliance with laws, eliminate "scale obsession" and "speed obsession," and maintain good market competition order [5] - Banks should enhance research efforts and innovation capabilities to provide high-quality financial services tailored to various entities [5] - Regulatory bodies need to enforce strict oversight, establish a negative list for "involution" competition, and address price wars through timely inspections and penalties [5] - The banking association and market interest rate pricing self-regulatory mechanisms should be effectively utilized to promote healthy market competition through industry consensus [5] - Strengthening external supervision is essential to guide market participants in monitoring banking financial services and competition [5]