征收50%高额关税，制裁最高法院法官，美对巴西展开政经“双重打压”

Core Points - The U.S. has imposed a 40% tariff on Brazil, raising the total tariff to 50%, alongside sanctions against Brazilian Supreme Court Justice Demorais, indicating a significant escalation in diplomatic tensions between the two countries [1][5] - Brazilian President Lula criticized the U.S. for interfering in Brazil's judicial matters and opposed the sanctions against Demorais, asserting Brazil's sovereignty [1][6] Tariff and Trade Impact - The new tariffs do not apply to many of Brazil's major exports to the U.S., such as commercial aircraft, energy products, and orange juice, with over 40% of Brazilian exports exempt from tariffs [3] - The U.S. is projected to have a trade surplus of $7 billion with Brazil in 2024, indicating that Brazil is not a trade deficit country for the U.S. [3] Sanctions Against Demorais - The U.S. Treasury announced sanctions against Demorais, freezing his assets and prohibiting financial transactions with U.S. citizens and companies, citing his role in what they termed "witch hunts" against U.S. interests [4][5] - Demorais has been accused of human rights violations and political persecution related to former President Bolsonaro's legal troubles [4][5] Brazilian Government's Response - The Brazilian government views the U.S. trade measures as politically motivated and an infringement on its sovereignty, with officials asserting the need to maintain judicial independence [5][6] - Brazil's Foreign Minister reiterated the country's willingness to negotiate on tariff issues but emphasized that Bolsonaro's judicial case should not be part of those discussions [7] Political Context - Former President Trump has criticized the Brazilian judiciary's actions against Bolsonaro, framing them as a threat to U.S. national security and foreign policy [5] - Lula has indicated that if Trump's threats materialize, Brazil is considering retaliatory tariffs on certain U.S. products [7]