雷暴天气暗藏健康威胁！如何科学避险？专家提醒

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the health risks associated with thunderstorms, highlighting the need for scientific protection and tailored strategies for different populations to mitigate these risks [2][7][11]. Group 1: Health Risks from Thunderstorms - Thunderstorms pose multiple health risks, including direct dangers like lightning strikes, which result in 24,000 to 30,000 deaths and 240,000 to 300,000 injuries globally each year [2]. - Thunderstorm asthma is a growing concern, as increased humidity before storms can cause pollen and mold spores to swell, leading to allergic reactions and asthma exacerbations [2]. - Sudden changes in atmospheric pressure during thunderstorms can trigger acute cardiovascular events, particularly in vulnerable populations such as the elderly [7]. Group 2: Recommendations for Protection - Individuals should closely monitor weather forecasts and avoid outdoor activities during thunderstorm warnings, seeking shelter in buildings with proper lightning protection [8]. - For those with asthma or allergies, it is advised to close windows and use air purifiers before storms, and to have emergency medications readily available [8]. - Caregivers of vulnerable individuals should enhance home safety, remove hazards, and prepare emergency plans to address potential health risks during thunderstorms [9]. Group 3: Community and Systemic Measures - Establishing a refined management mechanism at the community level is crucial, including real-time health monitoring for high-risk individuals [10]. - Public spaces should enhance protective measures, such as installing lightning warning systems and clear evacuation signage [10]. - Upgrading meteorological services to provide precise and timely warnings using advanced technologies is essential for disaster prevention [10]. - Medical institutions need to improve emergency response systems, ensuring adequate supplies and training for handling storm-related injuries [10].