大国院士 |“风云”变幻，且看气象万千——专访中国工程院院士许健民

Core Viewpoint - The article highlights the significant advancements in weather forecasting due to the development of China's "Fengyun" meteorological satellites, emphasizing the dedication of academic figures like Xu Jianmin in improving weather prediction accuracy and the broader applications of meteorological data [1][21]. Group 1: Importance of Meteorological Satellites - Meteorological satellites have transformed weather forecasting from general predictions to precise, time-specific forecasts [1]. - The accuracy of weather predictions has greatly improved due to satellite monitoring, although challenges remain in predicting small-scale weather phenomena like tornadoes [3][5]. - Xu Jianmin's lifelong habit of analyzing cloud images reflects the commitment to understanding atmospheric dynamics [4][5]. Group 2: Historical Context and Development - The push for developing China's own meteorological satellites was catalyzed by a severe weather disaster in 1969, leading to a realization of the country's technological lag in weather forecasting [7][8]. - The first successful launch of China's Fengyun-1A satellite in 1988 marked a significant milestone in the country's meteorological capabilities [9][10]. Group 3: Scientific Approach and Challenges - Xu Jianmin documented over 40,000 words of mathematical formulas to address the issue of cloud image shaking in the Fengyun-2 satellite, showcasing the rigorous scientific approach taken to solve complex problems [13][14][16]. - The team faced significant challenges in developing accurate satellite data, requiring extensive research and collaboration to derive correct mathematical models [15][16]. Group 4: Broader Applications of Meteorological Data - The application of meteorological satellites extends beyond weather forecasting to include disaster monitoring and management, as demonstrated during the 1987 Daxing'anling forest fire [18][19]. - Xu Jianmin's foresight in utilizing satellite data for various applications has proven invaluable in emergency response and environmental monitoring [19][20].