大堡礁珊瑚减少幅度之大创监测39年来纪录

Core Insights - The latest annual monitoring report from the Australian Institute of Marine Science indicates that coral cover in two of the three regions of the Great Barrier Reef has decreased to the highest level recorded in 39 years of monitoring, raising concerns about the impact of global warming on coral recovery [1][3] Group 1: Coral Coverage and Monitoring - The monitoring results from August 2024 to May 2025 show that coral cover in the northern, southern, and central regions of the Great Barrier Reef has decreased by approximately 25%, nearly 33%, and about 14% respectively compared to the previous monitoring period, with the northern and southern regions experiencing the highest loss since monitoring began [3][5] - The report highlights that the main reasons for the significant coral loss are climate change-induced high temperatures leading to widespread coral bleaching, as well as an increase in cyclones and the population of crown-of-thorns starfish [3][5] Group 2: Historical Context and Trends - Prior to the 1990s, widespread coral bleaching was rare, but it has become more frequent with global warming, first occurring in the Great Barrier Reef in 1998, followed by subsequent events in 2002, 2016, 2017, and again in 2020, 2022, 2024, and 2025 [3][5] - The intervals between bleaching events are shortening, and the time for coral recovery is decreasing, indicating that the ecosystem is under significant stress [5] Group 3: Recommendations and Future Outlook - Researchers emphasize that the fundamental solution to protect the Great Barrier Reef's coral lies in reducing greenhouse gas emissions [5] - The Great Barrier Reef, which spans over 2,000 kilometers, is the largest coral reef system in the world and one of the most complex natural ecosystems on Earth [5]