美国“对等关税”今日生效 多方反对

Core Viewpoint - The implementation of tariffs by the U.S. government under President Trump's administration has significant implications for various trade partners, leading to widespread discontent and potential economic repercussions for both the U.S. and its allies [1][2][11]. Tariff Implementation - The tariffs range from 10% to 41% on various countries, with specific rates including 40% for Laos and Myanmar, 39% for Switzerland, and 15% for several others including Israel and Japan [2][4]. - The tariffs on semiconductor products are set at 100%, affecting all imports unless companies are already committed to manufacturing in the U.S. [4]. Impact on Specific Countries - Switzerland faces a 39% tariff, significantly impacting its technology and export sectors, potentially threatening thousands of jobs [5]. - Italy's industries, particularly agriculture, pharmaceuticals, and automotive, are expected to suffer from a 15% tariff, with a projected GDP decline of 0.2% [6]. - Japan's automotive sector is experiencing profit reductions due to the inability to pass on tariff-related costs to consumers, with export prices dropping by approximately 20% since April [10]. International Reactions - Countries like Brazil are actively challenging U.S. tariffs through the World Trade Organization, indicating a willingness to defend their trade interests [11]. - European leaders express dissatisfaction with the trade agreements with the U.S., viewing them as concessions that could harm their economies [8][13]. - Analysts suggest that the U.S. tariff strategy may lead to a reconfiguration of global trade alliances, distancing countries from U.S. influence [14].