国际观察丨美“对等关税”生效 经济讹诈遭各国反对

Core Viewpoint - The U.S. government's recently implemented "reciprocal tariffs" have sparked significant international criticism, as they are perceived as a means of economic coercion that undermines global trade systems and could lead to U.S. isolation [1][12][15] Trade Agreements - The U.S. has reached trade agreements with several countries, including the UK, Vietnam, Indonesia, the Philippines, Japan, the EU, and South Korea, primarily aimed at maximizing U.S. interests through political and economic pressure [2][4] - The tariffs imposed on most trade partners range from 10% to 41%, with many products facing tariffs exceeding 15%, while U.S. goods often enjoy lower or no tariffs [4][11] Economic Impact - The agreements are seen as favoring U.S. interests, with Japan committing to invest $550 billion in the U.S., from which the U.S. claims it will receive 90% of the profits, raising concerns about the fairness of profit distribution [4][8] - The EU is expected to purchase $750 billion worth of energy products from the U.S. by 2028, but analysts question the feasibility of this target given current energy supply constraints [8] Criticism of U.S. Policies - Observers have noted that the agreements lack clarity and contain vague terms, leading to uncertainty in execution and potential escalation of trade tensions [7][12] - Critics, including European leaders, argue that the U.S. approach represents economic colonialism, damaging both global economic stability and U.S. interests in the long run [12][15] Global Trade Dynamics - The U.S. tariffs and trade policies are prompting countries to seek closer trade relationships with each other, moving away from reliance on the U.S. This includes the EU strengthening ties with Canada, India, and South Africa [15] - The U.S. is perceived to be underestimating the negative impacts of its tariff policies on its own businesses and consumers, potentially leading to a weakened global trade system [15]