东西问丨何志鹏：“两山”理念蕴含怎样的环境权观念？

Core Concept - The "Two Mountains" concept emphasizes the intrinsic value of the environment, suggesting that a clean and beautiful environment is as valuable as economic wealth [3][5][9]. Group 1: Environmental Value - The "Two Mountains" concept highlights the importance of recognizing the environmental value itself, urging all societal actors to avoid pollution and destruction [6][8]. - Historical neglect of environmental protection has led to severe consequences, indicating that economic growth should not come at the expense of environmental health [6][9]. Group 2: Preventive Measures - The concept advocates for proactive measures to protect the environment rather than reactive compensation after pollution incidents [8][9]. - It stresses that wealth cannot replace a healthy environment, and prioritizing environmental health is essential for a fulfilling life [9][12]. Group 3: Economic Opportunities - Protecting the environment can lead to greater economic opportunities, as healthier populations incur lower medical costs and attract investments [9][11]. - Beautiful environments can become consumable resources, drawing tourism and boosting local economies [9][11]. Group 4: International Cooperation - Environmental issues are inherently cross-border, necessitating collaborative efforts to address shared challenges [11][12]. - The international community must enhance cooperation, particularly in supporting developing countries' environmental governance capabilities [12][14].