上海发展新质生产力“短”在何处

Core Viewpoint - The development of new quality productivity in Shanghai will focus on high-tech manufacturing in the secondary industry, but there are significant challenges that need to be addressed to accelerate this development [2][6]. Investment in R&D - Shanghai's R&D investment is relatively low, with R&D expenditure accounting for 4.34% of GDP in 2023, which is lower than Beijing and Shenzhen [3][4]. - Nationally, R&D expenditure as a percentage of GDP has increased from 0.57% in 1995 to 2.64% in 2023, but still lags behind countries like the US, Japan, Germany, and South Korea [2][3]. High-tech Industry Cluster - Shanghai has a weak high-end industry cluster, with only 2.7% of China's high-tech enterprises located in the city, significantly lower than Guangdong and Jiangsu [4][5]. - The revenue and profit contributions of Shanghai's high-tech enterprises are also below those of other major provinces, indicating a smaller scale and fewer high-tech firms [4][5]. Strategic Entrepreneurs and Scientists - There is a shortage of strategic entrepreneurs and scientists in Shanghai, which hinders the growth of high-tech enterprises [5][6]. - A stable industrial foundation, favorable business environment, and effective property protection mechanisms are necessary to foster strategic entrepreneurs [5]. Interaction Between Innovation and Industry - The interaction between technological innovation and industrial innovation is insufficient, which is a root cause of the small scale and number of high-tech enterprises in Shanghai [5][6]. - A positive feedback loop between economic and social demands for technological innovation and the practical application of scientific research is essential for the development of new quality productivity [6][7]. Support for High-tech Enterprises - The incubation environment for high-tech enterprises in Shanghai needs improvement, with a focus on enhancing social services such as funding, policies, and legal support [7]. - Leveraging Shanghai's strong service sector, particularly in finance, can help create high-quality incubators for strategic high-tech projects [7].