特朗普关税伤害了谁？商品价格成本飙升，消费者买单还是企业求豁免？

Group 1 - The implementation of higher tariffs has become an unavoidable reality for American businesses, leading to price increases that will ultimately be passed on to consumers [1][3][4] - Companies are adjusting their short-term strategies, such as early procurement and limiting imports to essentials, while also reevaluating long-term strategies due to the new tariff landscape [3][4] - The National Retail Federation (NRF) and the National Restaurant Association (NRA) indicate that the clarity of the tariff situation presents both short-term and long-term challenges for various industries [3][4] Group 2 - Manufacturers are increasingly recognizing the necessity of raising prices due to cost pressures from tariffs, with some, like Stanley Black & Decker, already implementing price hikes [3][4] - The World Trade Organization (WTO) predicts that the recent tariff adjustments will have a negative impact on global trade, with increasing pressure on U.S. imports expected by mid-2025 and 2026 [4] - The restaurant industry is particularly affected, with operators facing tight profit margins and being forced to raise menu prices, which could lead to reduced dining out frequency among consumers [5][6] Group 3 - The American Restaurant Association estimates that imposing a 30% tariff on food and beverage products from Mexico and Canada could result in a loss of $15.16 billion for the domestic restaurant industry [6] - Tariffs on coffee beans from Brazil, which are crucial for the U.S. coffee industry, have increased to 50%, significantly raising import costs [6] - There are ongoing negotiations regarding tariff exemptions for products that meet the USMCA standards, with a strong push from the restaurant industry to exclude food and beverage products from tariff discussions [6]