美国《AI行动计划》将加剧全球AI治理失序

Group 1: AI Governance and Global Standards - The "America First" approach to global AI governance is likely to lead to a fragmented global AI technology standard ecosystem and a divided global AI governance landscape, resulting in conflicting regulatory models and weakening international regulatory cooperation [1][16] - The "AI Action Plan" emphasizes the need for the U.S. to establish dominance in global AI governance, which may exacerbate competition and divergence in global AI governance philosophies [1][12][15] Group 2: Infrastructure Development - The U.S. is facing significant challenges in AI infrastructure, particularly in energy supply, with data centers projected to consume 12% of the total electricity by 2028, up from 4.4% in 2023 [2] - The "AI Action Plan" outlines a threefold energy strategy to support AI infrastructure, including deregulation of traditional energy sources, grid upgrades, and innovative financing tools [3] - The plan also focuses on enhancing computational power through accelerated data center development and semiconductor supply chain localization, recognizing semiconductors as critical to AI [4][5] Group 3: Labor and Education - The "AI Action Plan" proposes a comprehensive labor force restructuring mechanism, including updates to vocational education and training programs to prepare workers for AI infrastructure roles [6] - Initiatives include funding for apprenticeships and partnerships with community colleges to address labor shortages in critical AI infrastructure jobs [6] Group 4: Innovation and Application - AI innovation is prioritized in the "AI Action Plan," which aims to remove regulatory barriers and provide federal support to foster private sector innovation [8][9] - The plan includes establishing regulatory sandboxes and AI excellence centers to facilitate rapid deployment and testing of AI technologies in key sectors like healthcare and agriculture [10] Group 5: Research and Development - The "AI Action Plan" establishes a research breakthrough matrix, investing in national automated cloud laboratories and increasing funding for AI-enabled scientific research [11] - The focus areas include AI explainability, controllability, and robustness, aiming to enhance the overall research landscape [11] Group 6: Global Competition and Strategy - The U.S. aims to export its AI standards and values globally, positioning itself against competitors like China and the EU, which have different regulatory approaches [14][15] - The plan includes forming alliances with democratic nations to counter China's influence in AI governance and technology [15]